APC 400kW1MW User Manual download pdf (Page 18)

Figure 2-4 MCFC Dual Fuel Operation [C]

Because MCFCs have minimal moving parts to cause wear and a moderate operating

temperature, few system interruptions occur. CFC Solutions’s field tests have proven that their

HotModule MCFC is able to achieve 95% to 98% reliability [23, p. 11-12].

Another manufacturer has found success with their MCFCs. FuelCell Energy’s MCFC,

labeled the Direct FuelCell (DFC), was certified to meet American National Standards Institute’s

(ANSI) products safety standard for stationary fuel cell systems, ANSIZ21.83. The DFC was

also approved under California’s Rule 21, which has standards for distributed generation

interconnection, operation, and metering. In addition, the DFC passed the California Air

Resources Board’s (CARB) certification, a distributed generation emissions standard made in

2007. With these three certifications, the DFCs installation time and cost will decrease as the

acceptance of the DFC in the US is expected to increase [22, para 11-13].

2.2.3 Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells contain carbon electrodes, which are bonded to

the polymer membrane electrolyte. The membrane is located between two collector plates that

provide a path for electrons to the external circuit. Precious metals, such as platinum, are used

for the catalyst [10, p. 1809].

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APC 400kW1MW User Manual Page 18