APC 400kW1MW User Manual download pdf (Page 39)

produce 250ºF hot water to be used with a single-effect absorption chiller. PEMFCs do not

produce waste heat with high enough temperatures to serve an absorption chiller [1, p. 81; 50,

p.1].

The amount of waste heat produced by a fuel cell may not be sufficient for an absorption

chiller to meet a data center’s cooling needs. Neither of the fuel cells listed in Table 4-1 are

able to provide enough waste heat in order to cool a data center. Table 4-2 gives details as to

how this conclusion was made.

Table 4-2 Waste Heat Required from Fuel Cells to Provide Cooling

Heat Recovery

Available

(Btuh)

Fuel Cell

Fuel

Cell

Type

Power

Generated

(kW)

Heat Generated

by Electrical

Equipment

(Btuh)

Waste Heat

Required for

Cooling with Single-

Effect Absorption

Chiller (Btuh) High Grade

PureCell

400 PAFC 400 1,364,800 1,933,467 785,000

DFC300

MCFC

300 1,023,600 1,450,100 480,000

Consider the PureCell 400. First off, it is known that all of the power that is supplied to a

building is converted to heat and ejected into the surrounding space. Running at 100% load,

this fuel cell would provide 400 kW of power to electrical equipment. This is equal to a cooling

load of 1,364,800 Btuh, using a conversion factor of 1 W per 3.412 Btuh. This cooling load is

based completely off of the heat gain from electrical equipment. The actual cooling load of the

data center would be larger than this value because it would include the heat gain from people

and the building’s external loads. If a single-effect absorption chiller were to be used with the

PureCell 400, a total of 1,933,467 Btuh of waste heat would be necessary to satisfy the

electrical equipment cooling load. This value was calculated assuming 17,000 Btuh of waste

heat would be necessary to provide 12,000 Btuh of cooling. According to the PureCell 400 data

sheet, this fuel cell is only able to produce 785,000 Btuh of high grade waste heat. The values

in Table 4-2 were calculated in the same manner for the DFC300. Neither of the fuel cells

presented in Table 4-2 are able to provide enough waste heat to serve a single-effect

absorption chiller. Therefore, a form of supplementary cooling is necessary.

There are a few options to choose from to supply supplementary cooling. The first

option is to install electric chillers. These chillers would be powered by the fuel cells and

connected to an emergency power supply. The other option would be to install boilers to make

up for the lack of heat needed to power the absorption chillers.

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